Developing countries are not able to protect their biodiversity | Home | Douze point pour la Suède - Sweden's Minister announces their support for a UN moratorium on High Seas Bottom Trawling
4 April 2006
The summit for life on earth - protecting what?
by Karen, who was just at the Convention on Biological Diversity in Curitibam, Brazil
The CBD meeting is over. After two long weeks, we have finally left the gathering of nearly 5000 people at the Convention Centre in Brazil who were focussed on the plight of our planet's biodiversity. Our team is pretty exhausted, as, I am sure are many of the negotiators who were there, working through the night to negotiate the Decisions that would take the work of the Convention forward.I have to admit that I am left pretty frustrated, wondering whether all that talking achieved much in the way of actually protecting biodiversity and our planet's future. It seemed as if the focus on protecting biodiversity, one of the central objectives of this Convention, was forgotten as countries focused instead on how to make sure that there were few new rules that they would have to adhere to - few new obligations that they would have to meet.
International law is all about rights and duties: a country gets the right to do something in exchange for which they have an obligation to make sure that they will not harm the rights of other states, or, in some cases, the environment. What we saw over the last few weeks was the strengthening of the rights to use the biodiversity of our planet and the weakening of the responsibilities that states should meet to ensure that life on earth is protected and conserved for future generations.
What does this mean for our oceans? In 2002, countries committed to establishing a global network of marine protected areas by 2012. We are four years closer to 2012 and less than 1% of our oceans have been declared strictly no-take protected areas - what we call Marine Reserves.
More than one billion people across this planet depend on fish as their primary form of protein, but three-quarters of all fisheries are now fully-exploited, over-exploited or depleted. And then states like South Korea stand up at a conference like the CBD and ask for the deletion of language recognising that there has been 'an unprecedented decline in global fisheries'.
Or Australia spends hours arguing that a sentence which singles out destructive fishing practices like bottom trawling (the sentence read in part: 'expresses its deep and increasing concern over these threats, in particular destructive fishing practices, including bottom tawling') should be deleted because the wording is different from that negotiated at the Johannesburg Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 . This, even though Australia supported the recognition of destructive and illegal fishing as two of the key problems affecting oceans biodiversity just last month at the UN in New York!
And all this while, at the same time, on the water, the Esperanza is exposing the terrible working and sanitary conditions on pirate fishing vessels that are stealing the fish from the coastal communities of West Africa and sending them instead to grace the dinner plates of those of us who live in Europe and North America. Or our campaigners in Europe are locking down other pirate fishing vessels - listed by Europe, Norway and Iceland as pirate vessels - which are sitting in European ports being resupplied and readied to go fishing again. Sometimes it just doesn't make a whole lot of sense.
Working at these political meetings can be depressing. Seeing the people in suits arguing over words for hours, watering down the language, weakening the final decisions. But then there are those who whisper their support for us - or who speak out loudly in support of us and what we are doing during the meetings - and even more importantly, stand up for what they believe needs to be done to protect earth's biodiversity. There was even the Environment Minister from one big fishing country that said he was a member of Greenpeace! Their voices may be few, but they are making waves - standing up for what they believe in. As Ocean Defenders, we can all do that and work to bring the changes that are so sorely needed if we are going to change the way things are now and make a better future for all. Make waves with us, become an Ocean Defender today!
PS: On a related and more positive note, Karli, one of our oceans campaigners who was with us in Brazil, decided to make waves in a small but significant way. Her target: the sushi restaurant at the Convention Centre. Her objective: vegetarian sushi on demand! Karli visited that sushi bar every day, asking for vegetarian sushi. At first, they were dumbfounded, but agreed to make her something special. By day 4, Karli had rounded up several of us and we were all ordering the 'special made' veggie sushi. By the penultimate day of the conference, vegetarian packs of sushi were available on demand. All goes to show, small acts can lead to big ripples and those ripples can become waves!
- Karen
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Comments
I'm curious - what is vegetarian sushi?
Posted by: echo at April 5, 2006 4:23 PM
Hi Echo,
Well, in Brazil, it was sushi rolls -- seaweed wrapped around the outside with rice and then cucumber and mango in the middle. But often they are sushi rolls that don't have any fish in, but have avocado or cucumber or carrots. The mango was delicious too. Much nicer than the fishy ones I think!
Karen
Posted by: Karen at April 5, 2006 6:07 PM
Hi Karen,
I just saw this article on an environmental website. I want to make a comment on it, but first I wonder what's your opinion or statement on this piece?
www.ncl.ac.uk/press.office/press.release/content.phtml?ref=1143452516
Posted by: Ann Novek at April 5, 2006 7:44 PM
Hello Ann,
It's an interesting article, that's for sure, I saw it a few days ago. I think the fundamental issue is that we do not only think of marine reserves as just a 'fisheries management tool', but as a fundamental part of conserving and rebuilding ocean ecosystems. I have asked two of our marine reserves gurus to take a look at the article and post a more detailed answer. They are on a different time zone, so this may take a day or two, but I'm sure they'll put something up here soon.
Best,
Karen
Posted by: Karen at April 5, 2006 9:29 PM
Ann, here's the response from Richard and Louise in the UK, responding to the DEFRA report:
"This report is right in saying we need government to make radical policy changes to save collapsing fish stocks and indeed save the wider marine environment. Continuing business as usual will be ruinous for the North Sea and bring about the death knell of what remains of our fishing industry. There is much talk about implementing the ecosystem approach to fisheries but little understanding."
"Establishing large scale marine reserves that amount to 40% of the oceans are the cornerstone of such an approach, but other measures such as capacity reduction and the banning of destructive fishing gears, are also need to be introduced to ensure that fishing outside the marine reserves is sustainable. These may be radical steps but they're the only way we can avert a looming crisis in the North Sea - and stop crashes in fish stocks and marine mammals"
Posted by: Dave - Webbie on the Esperanza at April 6, 2006 12:46 PM
Hi and thanks Louise, Richard, Karen and Dave,
I got the impression from the article
that it was trying to point out that marine reserves was a bad thing-it could lead to increasing fishing efforts outside the reserve and so on- this is not the first time the industry is trying to call conserving measures as "destructive". I have written to the Estonian Government regarding bottom trawling and I got a "similar " response. They told me that a general ban on bottom trawling " may pose an additional stress to pelagic species".
Posted by: Ann Novek at April 6, 2006 2:28 PM
Hi Ann,
That kind of response makes no sense. One of the main reasons vessels are targeting deep-sea fish is that they have already overfished the pelagic species (like tunas) -- there are too many boats fishing for too few fish, so some have now moved onto deep-sea species and are fishing unsustainably. It would not be a moratorium on high seas bottom trawling that would put additional stress on pelagic species - that would be a classic case of passing on the blame. Governments like Estonia (and the EU) should rather look to the policies they have established -- like, for example to provide subsidies to fishing vessels that keep them out there fishing instead of recognising the problems that exist and dealing with them in a way that addresses the needs of fishing communities and the environment!
Posted by: Karen at April 6, 2006 5:49 PM
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