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March 17, 2005
Interview: Aslak Jomppanen, reindeer herder
Aslak Jomppanen has been grazing his reindeer in the forests of Paadarskaidi for 30 years, just like his father's reindeer before him. Aslak started to herd reindeer abck in 1975, when the infamously bad years for reindeer herding were left behind.
After finishing school and military service, an alternative to reindeer herding was to become a welder. That would have meant moving away from the area that was his home. The nature attracted him back to his home village and to reindeer herding. "It makes your mind peaceful, the freedom of the nature, and the nature itself".
The forests with tree hanging lichen and the ground lichen areas for the reindeer were on the northern side of the lake Paadar. There were also the blueberry hills blanketed with moss, and the Etusolmijárvet lake area, where Aslak used to go fishing, the wetlands where cloudberries used to grow, and the forested hills where the capercaillies and willow ptarmigans flourished.
At that time, like today, reindeer herding was learned by going along to the forest with the father or another experienced reindeer herder: "My father let me go with Uula, and Uula, me and Jouni Uutela later had a herd together for a long time within the co-operative. He took me along and always showed me what this and that was and how it worked. When you start to work with the reindeer there is plenty of things that you have to get to know. You have to know the animal and how it behaves, where it roams and what kind of problems it survives. The grazing forests were good. We would drive close with the snow scooter and ski closer, round up the reindeer. During winter they stayed on one hill, because the lichen was so good there."
During the winter the reindeer in Muotkatunturi co-operative were kept in three different herds. Every herd would have an area where the reindeer were able to dig food until spring. Later because of the logging and building the forestry roads in Paadarskaidi the reindeer started to wander. The reindeer from Tirro and the herd in the middle were mixed, and they could not be rounded up by skiing, because they were spread on such a vast area. A fence was built along the northern coast of the 10km long lake Paadar and next to river Vasko towards north, but still the reindeer would try to go north over the bridge on Vasko. From 1993 to save the limited winter grazing forests the calving does were taken to the fell area on the northern side of the main road to Angeli instead of letting them calf fenced in the forests.
Forestry roads have formed a net across the former grazing routes close to lake Paadar. Along with logging, they effect other wildlife in the forest apart from the reindeer. The reindeer herders don't need the roads. They make it easier for the hunters to move, but the capercaillies are starting to disappear. Luckily there still are elks present. Where no logging have taken place the lichen is still hanging from the trees like long beards. According to Aslak, not even pollution has affected it. "Mets¨hallitus is eating the tree hanging lichen, not the pollution. When there is fifty metres between two pine trees the wind is so hard that the lichen can't grow there." A forest with tree hanging lichen is also a good shelter for any forest animals that avoid open spaces. "God had a meaning when he created the pine, a tree with lichen protects also birds. If there is only one tree in the open then everybody passing by is going to see you sitting on the branch. Also the snow is softer in the forest than on a logged area. Litter falling from the trees affect the snow so that it melts faster and it's easier for the reindeer to dig ground lichen."
Today's situation could make Aslak think twice if he had to choose his profession now: "Today I think I'd almost choose welding as my profession. Having a steady job is almost better today than working with reindeer, the expenses have skyrocketed, but for my own peace of mind... if I had to live in a city I'd be a spiritually ill person within a couple of years, there's so little space there. I suppose I'm the same kind of a forest being as those birds and trees."
- Eini
Posted by Dave at March 17, 2005 08:15 PM
Comments
And of course for fairness, here's a part of an interview from the latest edition of local newspaper Inarilainen, including opinions from an experienced reindeer heirder. After all we do want to hear the both sides of the story, don't we.
"Nellim 'bar parlament' condemns Greenpeace"
"A quick gallup in the Nellim bar shows, that Greenpeace isn't popular among the regulars. Local people Sulo Sarre and Tauno Haltta, who are drinking their morning coffee in the same table, condemn strongly Greenpeace for intefering in Inari affairs."
"- I don't believe at all, that logging means death to reindeer heirding like Greenpeace argue. You can see in Inari how because of the 1920's loggings, lichen grows in the forests. It needs logging for that."
"Retired reindeer heirder Sulo Sarre says, that luppo (horsehair lichen) isn't at all so important reindeer food as some claim."
"In the old days a reindeer heirder could wipe his ass with luppo, that was it's main purpose, states Sarre."
"Sarre thinks that Greenpeace should promote reindeer meat to the world strongly, if it wants to do something really good for the reindeer heirding.
- That would be a proper thing to do, but I don't think Greenpeace is interested."
"Reindeer heirders use forestry roads as anybody else. Metsähallitus has made a favor for them. At some time some of the heirders opposed building of the Paatsjoki bridge, but they sure wouldn't oppose it anymore."
"Tourists drive fast with their snow mobiles, there's no time to admire ancient forests. It's great to hike in the treeless fells, they don't go floundering in to the woods."
Posted by: Eino-Kalevi at March 17, 2005 09:17 PM
Just another comment about the international composition of the GP's team. I think I read on GP'Belgium site that there was also one person from Belgium. If he speaks french he is most welcome to join Emily for an MP3 interview, as are any other French speaking people!
You could also record a message in various EU languages for the EU Commission. Too bad Margot Wallstrom is not any longer in charge of the Environment but go for it anyway. Webaudio to defend the ancient forests!
Posted by: philippe boucher at March 17, 2005 10:59 PM
Hey Philippe, we do have another francophone here, Joe, from Belgium. I'll get on it!
Posted by: Dave at March 17, 2005 11:14 PM
From a follow-up article in Inarilain:
"Nellim reindeer herd-group isn't demanding that all forestry stops, but we don´t accept the way logging is done in Nellim", says Kari Alatorvinen, Veijo Paadar, Kalevi Paadar, Tarja Arttijeff and Antero Sarre in a meeting.
...
Arttijeff says that the reindeer herders rely on Greenpeace as the last straw because Metsähallitus took no action in negotiations. Nellim reindeer herd-group says that their opinions have never been promoted enough.
"Viljo Huru from Ivalo reindeer herding co-operative tells in public, that Ivalo reindeer herding co-operative will accept the logging, but they don't ask Nellim reindeer herd-group´'s opinion", says Tarja Arttijeff.
...
Kalevi Paadar says that reindeer herding will become impossible if the logging continues as violently as it has been during the last years in Nellim.
Posted by: Dave at March 18, 2005 11:48 AM

